Urinary incontinence in women

UI is defined as involuntary or abnormal leakage of urine.

UI has multiple possible causes, including age-related functional changes (overactive detrusor, impaired bladder contractility, decreased pressure in urethra closure, atrophy of urethral areas, prostatic hypertrophy), lesions in the CNS, excess urine output, restricted mobility, stool impaction, UTI, delirium, and medications (α-adrenergic agonists, α-adrenergic antagonists, anticholinergics, cancer drugs, calcium-channel blockers, diuretics, opiates, sedatives).

The prevalence of any symptom UI is high in the adult population, with an estimated age-standardized prevalence of 51.1% in women and 13.9%, in men respectively.

Clinical manifestations include urine leakage and, depending on the etiology, associated LUTS of urgency, frequency, nocturia, weak urination, and incomplete emptying associated.

UI is a predictor of death in the general population and geriatric population. UI is associated with psychological morbidity and may lead to substantial impairment of QoL.