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Guidelines
Key sources
Classification and risk stratification
Risk stratification
Diagnostic investigations
Initial evaluation
Echocardiography
Chest radiographs
Inflammatory markers
Medical management
Setting of care
Medical therapy
Surgical interventions
Indications for pericardiocentesis
Specific circumstances
Patients with hemopericardium
Patients with neoplastic pericardial effusion
Patients with chylopericardium
Patients with neoplastic pericardial disease
Clinical findings
References
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Pericardial effusion
Updated January 14, 2025
Guidelines
Key sources
The following summarized guidelines for the evaluation and management of pericardial effusion are prepared by our editorial team based on guidelines from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC/EACTS 2015).
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