The CKD prediction tool for HIV patients is designed to assess the risk of chronic kidney disease over the next five years based on several key health parameters. Each parameter is assigned a score according to a predefined scale, with the total score determining the risk level.

The following parameters are considered:

- Age: The scoring varies based on the age bracket:
  - 19-39 years: 0 points
  - 40-49 years: 2 points
  - 50-59 years: 4 points
  - 60-90 years: 6 points
- Glucose levels greater than 140 mg/dL:
  - Yes: 2 points
  - No: 0 points
- Systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mmHg:
  - Yes: 1 point
  - No: 0 points
- Hypertension:
  - Yes: 2 points
  - No: 0 points
- Triglycerides levels greater than 200 mg/dL:
  - Yes: 1 point
  - No: 0 points
- Proteinuria:
  - Yes: 2 points
  - No: 0 points
- CD4⁺ count less than 200 cells/mcL:
  - Yes: 1 point
  - No: 0 points

The user's responses are translated into a score by adding the points corresponding to each chosen option. The total score defines the CKD risk level, with each score correlating to a specific percentage risk for those using tenofovir and those who are not.

Interpretation based on the total score:

- A score of 0 indicates a risk of 1.4% for tenofovir users and 0.5% for non-users.
- A score of 1 suggests a 2.2% risk with tenofovir use and 0.3% without.
- With a score of 2, the risk rises to 3.6% with tenofovir and 1.5% without.
- A score of 3 indicates a 5.3% risk for users, 1.9% for non-users.
- Scoring 4 means a 7.6% risk with tenofovir, 2.7% without.
- A score of 5 corresponds to 8.6% risk for users and 4.1% for non-users.
- With a score of 6, the risk is 10.9% with tenofovir and 5.1% without.
- A score of 7 correlates to a 13.1% risk with tenofovir, 8.7% without.
- Scoring 8 translates to a 19.4% risk for tenofovir users, 11.0% for non-users.
- Scores ranging from 9 to 15 suggest the highest risk level: 21.4% with tenofovir and 16.4% for non-users.

This comprehensive scoring system provides users with insights into their potential CKD risk based on their health status, enabling informed decisions regarding medical care and preventive measures.

The calculator in question is the Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) Prediction in HIV Patients calculator. This calculator is specifically designed for patients who are diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The clinical utility of this calculator is to predict the risk of developing Chronic Kidney Disease within a 5-year period in HIV-positive individuals. 

The calculator takes into account various factors such as age, race, gender, Hepatitis C co-infection, history of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, current CD4 count, and HIV viral load. It also considers the use of specific antiretroviral therapies that are known to affect kidney function. 

The CKD Prediction in HIV Patients calculator should not be used in patients who already have a diagnosis of Chronic Kidney Disease. Additionally, it may not be accurate in patients with other conditions that significantly affect kidney function, or in those who are not receiving antiretroviral therapy for HIV.

CKD prediction in HIV patients